Top 10 oldest sports in the world

Sports have been part of the human civilization since times immemorial. In fact depiction of numerous ritual games finds mention in scriptures from the Bronze Age. While some of these sports have got lost in the oblivion, the remaining evolved substantially to come out in the present form. Here, we will be discussing about some oldest sports that are still highly relevant in today’s world.

10. Hockey:

A game where players from two opponent teams try to maneuver the ball and push it into each other’s goal post with the help of long stock with curved hooked ending is called hockey. The first ever recorded use of word ‘hockey’ can be found in a proclamation by Edward III of England in 1363. The game also finds a mention in some of the paintings from Ancient Greece that dat back to 600 BC.

9. Horse Riding:

Equestrianism or horse riding is another ancient sport that has lived the tests of times and found itself a prominent place amongst modern sports. It was first to be included in the modern Olympic Games in 1900. The sport also holds its individual World Championships every year.

8. Boxing:

Boxing is a combat sport that tests speed, stamina and strength of two fighters who throw punches with gloved hands against each other. The sport finds its origin in Greece and dates back to early 687 BC. Subsequently, it evolved in the Great Britain in the later 16^th to 18^th century. The game is played in bouts (on to three minute intervals) and a referee supervises the contest.

7. Gymnastics:

The game requires physical strength, agility, flexibility, coordination, balance and stamina. The game is known to evolve from Greeks who practiced similar kinds of acrobatics to mount or dismount from a horse. The game was included in the modern Olympics Games in 1896.

6. Polo:

Polo is considered to be one of the most majestic of all ancient games. Here the participants ride on horseback and score by pushing a small white wooden ball in the opponent’s goal using a long-handled mallet. Professionally played in 16 countries, the game is considered to have taken birth in Iran, China and India. There are some evidences of the game being played in the 4^th century in the Sassanid dynasty. Since 1936, it’s not a part of Olympic Games.

5. Discuss Throw:

A popular track and field event, athlete throws a heavy disc (called discuss) to a father distance than his competitor.  The sport’s origin dates can be traced back to the fifth century BC. It was one of the events of the ancient pentathlon (708 BC). The game was prominently advertised in the fundraising events of the modern Olympic Games as well.

4. Javelin Throw:

Javelin throw is a track and field athletics event where a javelin (spear shaped) is thrown by a participant as far as possible, from the take off mark. Finland enjoys the record of holding the most number of medals in the sport since the beginning of modern Olympics. During the time of Mycenaean and Romans, much lighter javelins were used.

3. Long Jump:

Formerly known as broad jump, long jump is a sport in which athletes contest for supremacy by attempting to leap farther distances from the take off point. This highly popular game has been part of the Ancient Olympics and even the very first modern Olympics Games in 1896. This is the only known jumping event in the Ancient Greece’s original Olympics’ pentathlon events. The game also finds its faint mention in Ancient Olympics of 656 BC.

2. Wrestling:

Wrestling involves grappling techniques such as clinch fighting, throws and takedowns to name a few, employed by one competitor on the other in order to gain supremacy. It is one of the oldest forms of combat that was included in the ancient Olympics as well. Its origins can be dated back to 15,000 years in the French cave paintings. It features in some popular literary references, among which the most famous is Homer’s Iliad (12^th or 13^th century BC).

1. Running:

One of the most popular sporting events in Athletics, running is considered to be a very old sport. During the Greek era there were four kinds of running events that were organized. The stadion was the oldest form of running. Runners sprinted for 1, 2 to 24 stades. A stade was equal to the length of the stadium. Records of competitive racing dates back to 776 BC, the first recorded Olympic Games.

Scissor lifts,Boom lifts needs in india

                                 


                                        Gautam Infrastructure & Construction Equipments Pvt. Ltd. had a vision to provide safe,cost effective, productive good environment. The company has emerged as a multi-faceted, multi-dimensional with a leading presence in various segments of the Engineering, Construction Industry,Infrastructure Development projects deploying carefully deliberated strategies for extending its activities into new areas, especially infrastructure. The company has built up specialized competence by blending a unique confluence of technology and creative managerial perspective. In tune with the changing trends of globalization Indian Infrastructure demands. It extends its service in the form of Rental, Sales, Purchase of equipments and Distributorship of equipments.




For more: http://gautaminfra.co.in

Important 10 rules for muscle building

RULE #1: Eat at least 6 quality small meals per day. Eating more meals per day increases the body's metabolism, gives you a constant flow of energy and reduces the likelihood of your body storing your food as fat. You need to shift away from the "3 meals a day" mentality - those days are over. You should only feed your body with what it requires, not how much can fit in your stomach.

RULE #2: Eat protein and complex carbohydrates in every meal. You don't have to eat alot, but try to get
about 30 grams or protein and some quality carbs in each meal. Carbs are easy as they are found in bread, rice, potatoes etc. Stick to whole grains, oats, brown rice and wholemeal bread for good carbs. Good sources of protein are chicken, egg whites, tuna, red meat and fish.

RULE #3: Use supplements. Bodybuilding supplements are a great way to get nutrients to the body fast. At a minimum I suggest you use whey protein supplements. Depending on your goals and level of training, creatine and glutamine should also be considered. Best times to consume supplements are first thing in the morning, before/after training and before bed.

RULE #4: Avoid simple carbohydrates. Simple carbohydrates are the "sugary" carbohydrates found in sugar, soft drinks and honey. Simple carbohydrates give you an instant pick-me-up but they will drop you right back where you came from after a few minutes. Excessive sugar plays havoc with our insulin metabolism and leads to fatigue and fat storage. Stay away!

RULE #5: Stay away from fats and excessive salts. Some fat is essential for a healthy diet. Good fat is found in olive oil, peanut butter and fish. Bad fat is vegetable oil, animal fats and butter. This pretty much rules out all junk food and fizzy drinks.

RULE #6: Fuel up before your workout. Eat a small meal that contains a good portion or complex carbohydrates and protein about 30-60 minutes before your workout. The complex carbohydrates will give you the sustained energy to train long and hard. And the protein will assist your muscles during your workout as you break them down.

RULE #7: The after workout meal/shake is the most important nutrition boost your body needs. Directly after a workout your muscles are broken down and crying out for nutrients. A good dose of protein is a must (40-50 grams) and carbohydrates also play an important role because they are needed for an insulin spike which will release growth hormone. A supplement shake is the best method to deliver these nutrients to your body followed by a good post workout meal within 60 minutes of training.

RULE #8: Drink water, and lots of it! The most important nutrient in your body is water. The quality of your tissues, their performance and their resistance to injury is dependent on the amount of the water you drink. Sip water constantly throughout the day and make sure you get more than enough water during your workout.

RULE #9: Avoid snacking by planning your diet. Let's face it, most snack foods you're going to be tempted with are going to be unhealthy and full of sugar, salt and other unnatural ingredients. If you plan each meal for the day during the previous day you will find that you will not feel like snacking as you will always feel satisfied.

RULE #10: At the end of the day, if you want to gain weight and pack on muscle you need to eat more calories than your burn throughout the day. If you don't eat enough calories you will not grow any muscle. Never stay hungry. As soon as you begin to feel hungry eat a good meal of carbs and protein. Also get a good serve of carbs and protein before bed, you body will need it for repairing muscle tissue while your sleep.

Spirulina-Nature's best gift(Highest protein containing herb in the world)

I don’t like using the term superfood, though it could certainly be applied to Spirulina. Though not technically an herb (actually an cyanobacteria), it boasts its fair share of health promoting properties. It is rich in in Chlorophyll, and like plants, gets its energy from the sun.

What is it?

Spirulina is a natural “algae” (cyanbacteria) powder that is incredible high in protein and nutrients. When harvested correctly from non-contaminated ponds and bodies of water, it is one of the most potent nutrient sources available. It is largely made up of protein and essential amino acids, and I typically recommend it to clients who decide to remain vegetarian for its high natural iron content. It is often touted for its high B-12 content, though there is a lot of debate about if this particular form is a complete and absorbable form of B-12 and I don’t recommend it completely in place of animal products.
The high concentration of protein and iron also makes it idea during pregnancy, after surgery or anytime the immune system needs a boost.

Health Properties:

Though it does taste like pond scum, Spirulina has some great health-boosting qualities:

• Spirulina is 65% protein and amino acids including the essential fatty acid gamma linolenic acid (GLA) which has gotten a lot of attention for its anti-inflammatory properties, especially when taken with other quality Omega-3 supplements like Fermented Cod Liver Oil. (I suspect that the benefits of GLA in Spirulina are even more than what the studies have found since these studies often use vegetable oils for their GLA source, and the other inflammatory compounds in vegetable oils can interfere with the anti-inflammatory ability.) It contains all essential amino acids.
• Spirulina contains Omega 3-,6 and 9s and is especially high in Omega-3s.
• Spirulina is extremely high in Chlorophyll, which helps remove toxins from the blood and boost the immune system.
• Spirulina has a very high concentration of bio-available iron and is excellent during pregnancy and for those with anemia and will not cause constipation.
•  Spirulina is a great source of other nutrients including (according to Wikipedia): “Spirulina contains vitamins B-1(thiamine), B-2 (riboflavin), B-3(nicotinamide), B-6 (pyridoxine), B-9 (folic acid), vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin A and vitamin E. It is also a source of potassium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium,  manganese, phosphorus,  selenium, sodium and zinc. Spirulina contains many pigments which may be beneficial and bioavailable”
• This Spirulina (from Mountain Rose Herbs) was tested be an independent laboratory and found to have an ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) of over 24,000 which is 4x the ORAC score of blueberries. The ORAC score is generally used to measure antioxidant ability and concentration in different foods.
• Spirulina is also incredibly high in calcium with over 26 times the calcium in milk, making it excellent for children, the elderly and during pregnancy.
• Some research has suggested that Spirulina may be helpful in allergies and allergic reactions.
• Spirulina’s phosphorus content makes it helpful as part of a tooth remineralization regimen.
• Emerging evidence suggests that it binds with radioactive isotopes and may be useful for radioactivity exposure or radiation therapy.
• The protein in Spirulina is highly usable and has a net protein utilization rate of between 50-61%
• Spirulina can bind with heavy metals in the body and help remove them.
• Spirulina can increase fat burning during exercise.

How To Take

When choosing Spirulina, make sure to choose one that is organic, as others can have nitrate compounds as additives. The best one I’ve found is from Mountain Rose Herbs and it is also the cheapest organic Spirulina I’ve seen. It does taste like pond water though, so many people prefer supplements. I’ve tried Now Spirulina and found them to be good quality, though they are more expensive than the plain powder. (I haven’t tried this brand, but it seems to be a great deal for 1,000 500mg capsules for under $30). You can also get Spirulina powder in a 4-pound canister.
I always add Spirulina to my veggie smoothies each day and take extra during pregnancy. It is best to get in about 2 teaspoons per day, and 2 or more tablespoons during illness, after radiation exposure or during pregnancy. It does taste horrible though! You can also mix into water and drink straight, though many people have trouble with this. The phosphorous makes it useful for the tooth remineralizing regimen, and it is best taken with an Omega-3 source like fermented cod liver oil. It’s anti-inflammatory properties have been helpful to some of my clients with joint pain or other types of inflammation.
Those with PKU should consult with a doctor before taking, as it does contain that amino acid. Those on any type of anti-coagulation medicine should consult with a doctor before beginning (or stopping) taking Spirulina.

60th national film awards of india 2013

Here’s the complete list of winners at this year’s National Awards

BEST FEATURE FILM - Paan Singh Tomar (Hindi)

INDIRA GANDHI AWARD FOR BEST DEBUT FILM OF A DIRECTOR – Bedabrata Pain for Chittagong (Hindi) & Siddhartha Siva for 101 Chodiyangal

BEST POPULAR FILM PROVIDING WHOLESOME ENTERTAINMENT – Vicky Donor (Hindi) & Ustaad Hotel (Malayalam)

NARGIS DUTT AWARD FOR BEST FEATURE FILM ON NATIONAL INTEGRATION – ThanichallaNjan (Malayalam)

BEST FILM ON SOCIAL ISSUES – Spirit (Malayalam)

BEST FILM ON ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION/PRESERVATION – Black Forest (Malayalam)

BEST CHILDREN’S FILM – Dekh Indian Circus (Hindi)

BEST ANIMATION FILM – Delhi Safari (Hindi)

BEST DIRECTION – Shivaji Lotan Patil for Dhag(Marathi)

BEST ACTOR – Irrfan Khan (Paan Singh Tomar) & Vikram Gokhale (Anumati)

BEST ACTRESS – Usha Jadhav (Dhag)

BEST SUPPORTING ACTOR – Annu Kapoor (Vicky Donor)

BEST SUPPORTING ACTRESS - Dolly Ahluwalia (Vicky Donor) & Kalpana (ThanichallaNjan)

BEST CHILD ARTIST – Virendra Pratap (Dekh Indian Circus) & Minon (101 Chodiyangal)

BEST MALE PLAYBACK SINGER - Shankar Mahadevan for ‘Bolo Na’ (Chittagong)

BEST FEMALE PLAYBACK SINGER – Aarti Anklekar Tikekar for ‘Palakein Naa Moondon’ (Samhita)

BEST CINEMATOGRAPHY – Sudheer Palsane (KO : YAD)

BEST SCREENPLAY (ORIGINAL) – Sujoy Ghosh (Kahaani)

BEST SCREENPLAY (ADAPTED) – Bhavesh Mandalia & Umesh Shukla (Oh My God)

BEST DIALOGUES – Anjali Menon (Ustaad Hotel)

BEST AUDIOGRAPHY (Location Sound Recordist) - Radhakrishnan S. (Annayum Rasoolum)

BEST AUDIOGRAPHY (Sound Designer) – Anirban Sengupta & Dipankar Chaki (Shabdo)

BEST AUDIOGRAPHY (Re-recordist of the final mixed track) - Alok De, Sinoy Joseph & Shreejesh Nair (Gangs of Wasseypur)

BEST EDITING – Namrata Rao (Kahaani)

BEST PRODUCTION DESIGN - Boontawee ‘Thor’ Taweepasas & Lalgudi Ilayaraja (Vishwaroopam)

BEST COSTUME DESIGNER – Poornima Ramaswamy (Paradesi)

BEST MAKE-UP ARTIST – Raja (Vazhakku En 18/9)

BEST MUSIC DIRECTION (SONGS) – Shailendar Barve (Samhita)

BEST MUSIC DIRECTION (BACKGROUND SCORE) – Biji Bal (Kaliyachan)

BEST LYRICS - Prasoon Joshifor ‘Bolo Na’ (Chittagong)

SPECIAL JURY AWARD – Rituparno Ghosh (Chitrangada), Nawazuddin Siddiqui (Kahaani, Gangs of Wasseypur, Dekh India Circus, Talaash)

BEST SPECIAL EFFECTS - Makuta VFX (Eega)

BEST CHOREOGRAPHY – Pandit Birju Maharaj (Vishwaroopam)

BEST ASSAMESE FILM – Baandhon

BEST BENGALI FILM – Shabdo

BEST GUJARATI FILM - The Good Road

BEST HINDI FILM – Filmistan

BEST KANNADA FILM - Bharath Stores

BEST MALAYALAM FILM – Celluloid

BEST MANIPURI FILM – Leipaklei

BEST MARATHI FILM – Investment

BEST PUNJABI FILM – Nabar

BEST TAMIL FILM - Vazhakku En 18/9

BEST TELUGU FILM - Eega

BEST URDU FILM – Harud

BEST ENGLISH FILM - Lessons in Forgetting

BEST MISING  FILM - KO : YAD

Vinay in Senthatti Kaalai Sevatha Kaalai Firstlook stills-A saran film

Karthi in Briyani First look stills-A Venkat prabhu diet

Udayanithi stalin & Nayanthar in IDHU KATHIRVELAN KADHAL first look

Ilaya Thalapathi vijay in THALAIVA frstlook-A Film by A.L.Vijay

Top 10 benefits of involving in extra curricular activities

“All study and no play makes Jack a dull boy” – a famous proverb well entrenched in our minds since childhood. While teachers often stress upon this, and parents appreciate its value, youngsters rarely get a chance to implement it. It is widely accepted that extracurricular activities are the best way of developing an individual’s personality and trimming down mental stress. A child, youngster or an adult for that matter, can improve their skills and enhance their confidence level. Psychologists also recommend these activities over other monotonous confidence building classes. The top 10 benefits of extracurricular activities are:
 10. Improves interpersonal relationships:
They improve interpersonal skills and help in developing broader and confident outlook when dealing with people. The person becomes more outgoing. He/she attains the quality of analyzing people on the basis of their behavior and weighs the pros and cons involved in befriending him/her, accordingly.

Image Credit: http://2.bp.blogspot.com

9. Improves confidence levels:
An introvert child or an adult’s confidence can be enhanced by participating in extracurricular activities. These activities reduce inhibitions in a person and groom his confidence. They provide a total revamp to his introvert personality. As mentioned earlier, these activities are widely recommended by psychologists and result in overall development of a person.

Image Credit: http://timemanagementninja.com

8. Helps in exploring individual interests:
Extracurricular activities provide a chance to children or adults in exploring their area of interest. Most people are unaware about their interests and keep their inner self subdued for most part of their life. Regularly participating in extracurricular activities can help a child or adult to recognize his/her potential. This provides an opportunity to convert interests into a profession. There is no better way to get totally involved in your work than taking up your hobby as profession.

Image Credit: http://robbiebolog.com

7. Helps in better time management:
One of the most important benefits of extracurricular activities is that one develops a sense of scheduling his/her day to day life. He/she gets an opportunity to set priorities right and manage time prudently. A child can learn to arrange his daily proceeding and put his leanings to the best use. This advantage would surely entice his/her parents in supporting these activities.

Image Credit: http://www.stimulbrain.com

6. Relaxes the mind:
These activities work like mind relaxation therapies and reduce the stress associated with one’s busy day to day life. The best part is that the cost of extracurricular activities is almost negligible given their benefits. It is always good to shake a leg or two, paint, sing, write, and indulge in activities that promote individual welfare.

Image Credit: http://www.healthypregnancy.co.za

5. Makes individuals more responsible:
Children learn management and balance responsibilities once they are engaged in such activities. Participation in sports activities particularly can make a child aware of the concept of team building and co-existence. People can better their time, resources and efforts. It is through extracurricular activities that one can learn to face the challenges and overcome them without getting depressed as people in day to day life tend to do!

Image Credit: http://www.fierceinc.com

4. Promotes emotional well being:
Children in particular need proper emotional development in order to counter the problems they might face in future. The world is not cozy as it looks within the hundred meter radius of a child’s home. The world is getting more and more difficult to live in wake of surging social tensions. And, these activities can always help in growth of an emotionally strong individual.

Image Credit: http://www.nydreamhouse.com

3. Encourages social growth:
In the wake of the growing trend of nuclear families and working parents, especially in the cities; most children feel left out in the absence of parental care. This breeds a sense of discontent among children and they only feel safe in aloofness. It results in annihilation of their social life. It is therefore mandatory for working parents to engage their children in such activities so they regain the meaning of socializing.

Image Credit: http://www.gurusoftware.com

2. Helps in channelizing energy:
Alcohol and drugs have become a huge menace to the society. This problem is only becoming huge with each passing day. In order to counter this surging problem in the society we need to ensure that our young generation transfers most of its unchannelised energy towards extracurricular activities. These activities help in building better stamina and a stronger immune system.

Image Credit: http://www.localwin.com

1. Helps Cure Depression:
One of the gravest problems affecting modern society is the increasing number of suicides. In the stressful and competitive environment of today, the only solution left with us is to engage in extracurricular activities as frequently as possible. Studies worldwide have shown that kids and adults taking up these activities are more inclined to stay away from depression and suicidal feelings. These activities are highly recommended for kids and adults suffering from depression.

Image Credit: http://www.redorbit.com

Important 5 health benefits of smoking

Who says smoking cigarettes is so bad ... well, aside from the World Health Organization, Food and Drug Administration, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and every medical board and association on the face of the Earth?
But should smokers be fortunate enough to dodge all that cancer, heart disease, emphysema and the like, they will be uniquely protected — for reasons unexplained by science — against a handful of diseases and afflictions.
Call it a silver lining in their otherwise blackened lungs. Although long-term smoking is largely a ticket to early death, here are (gulp) five possible benefits from smoking. Breathe deep. 

1. Smoking lo
1. Smoking lowers risk of knee-replacement surgery
While smokers might go broke buying a pack of cigarettes, they can at least save money by avoiding knee-replacement surgery. Surprising results from a new study have revealed that men who smoke had less risk of undergoing total joint replacement surgery than those who never smoked.
The study, from the University of Adelaide in Australia, appears in the July issue of the journal Arthritis & Rheumatism. What could be the connection? Knee-replacement surgery was more common among joggers and the obese; smokers rarely jog, and they are less likely to be morbidly obese.
After controlling for age, weight and exercise, the researchers were at a loss to explain the apparent, albeit slight protective effects of smoking for osteoporosis. It could be that the nicotine in tobacco helps prevent cartilage and joint deterioration.
2. Smoking lowers risk of Parkinson's disease
Numerous studies have identified the uncanny inverse relationship between smoking and Parkinson's disease. Long-term smokers are somehow protected against Parkinson's, and it's not because smokers die of other things earlier. [10 Easy Paths to Self-Destruction]
The most recent, well-conducted study was published in a March 2010 issue of the journal Neurology. Far from determining a cause for the protective effect, these researchers found that the number of years spent smoking, more so than the number of cigarettes smoked daily, mattered more for a stronger protective effect.
Harvard researchers were among the first to provide convincing evidence that smokers were less likely to develop Parkinson's. In a study published in Neurology in March 2007, these researchers found the protective effect wanes after smokers quit. And they concluded, in their special scientific way, that they didn't have a clue as to why.
3. Smoking lowers risk of obesity
Smoking — and, in particular, the nicotine in tobacco smoke — is an appetite suppressant. This has been known for centuries, dating back to indigenous cultures in America in the pre-Columbus era. Tobacco companies caught on by the 1920s and began targeting women with the lure that smoking would make them thinner.
A study published in the July 2011 issue of the journal Physiology & Behavior, in fact, is one of many stating that the inevitable weight gain upon quitting smoking is a major barrier in getting people to stop, second only to addiction.
The relationship between smoking and weight control is complex: Nicotine itself acts as both a stimulant and appetite suppressant; and the act of smoking triggers behavior modification that prompts smokers to snack less. Smoking also might make food less tasty for some smokers, further curbing appetite. As an appetite suppressant, nicotine appears to act on a part of the brain called the hypothalamus, at least in mice, as revealed in a study by Yale researchers published in the June 10, 2011, issue of the journal Science.
No respectable doctor would recommend smoking for weight control, given the toxic baggage accompanying cigarettes. This recent Yale study, however, does offer an inkling of hope for a safe diet drug to help obese people control their appetites.
4. Smoking lowers risk of death after some heart attacks
Compared with non-smokers, smokers who have had heart attacks seem to have lower mortality rates and more favorable responses to two kinds of therapy to remove plaque from their arteries: fibrinolytic therapy, which is basically medication; and angioplasty, which removes the plaque by inserting balloons or stents into the arteries.
There's a catch, though. The reason why smokers have heart attacks is that smoke scars the arteries, allowing fat and plaque to build up in the first place. So, one theory as to why smokers do better than non-smokers after such therapies is that they are younger, experiencing their first heart attack approximately 10 years before the non-smoker.
A study published in an August 2005 issue of the American Heart Journal, however, states that age alone is not enough to fully explain the survival differences and that "the smoker's paradox is alive and well."  No alternative theories have been put forth since.
5. Smoking helps the heart drug clopidogrel work better
Clopidogrel is a drug used to inhibit blood clots for those patients suffering from coronary artery disease and other circulatory diseases leading to strokes and heart attacks. Smoking seems to help clopidogrel do its job better.
A study by Korean researchers in the October 2010 issue of the journal Thrombosis Research builds upon work by Harvard researchers published in 2009 that demonstrates the benefit of smoking at least 10 cigarettes a day. It seems that something in cigarette smoke activates certain proteins called cytochromes, which convert clopidogrel into a more active state.
Again, no respectable doctor is encouraging patients to start smoking to get the most out of clopidogrel. But this and the other four "benefits" of smoking reveal how tobacco — perhaps not unlike other potentially toxic plants — might contain certain chemicals of real therapeutic value.

Gigantic Motorcycles